Liaoning 2

Listen to Liaoning 2, a 19-year-old woman from Dalian, Liaoning Province, China. Click or tap the triangle-shaped play button to hear the subject.

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BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

AGE: 19

DATE OF BIRTH (DD/MM/YYYY): 16/07/1991

PLACE OF BIRTH: Dalian, Liaoning Province

GENDER: female

ETHNICITY: Han Chinese

OCCUPATION: student

EDUCATION: At the time of the recording, the subject was in her first year at university.

AREA(S) OF RESIDENCE OUTSIDE REPRESENTATIVE REGION FOR LONGER THAN SIX MONTHS:

Subject began to learn English at the age of 11, and came to live in Suzhou, Jiangsu, seven months before the date of the recording.

OTHER INFLUENCES ON SPEECH:

There are some other influences. She did have native English-speaking teachers at school but had never been outside her hometown until she came to university in Suzhou seven months ago. It is clear that she pays close attention to her English pronunciation and has managed to eliminate most of the usual difficulties for Chinese students. Her accent, however, remains strongly Chinese. She is an English major at university.

The text used in our recordings of scripted speech can be found by clicking here.

RECORDED BY: Bill McCann

DATE OF RECORDING (DD/MM/YYYY): 06/04/2011

PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION OF SCRIPTED SPEECH: N/A

TRANSCRIBED BY: N/A

DATE OF TRANSCRIPTION (DD/MM/YYYY): N/A

ORTHOGRAPHIC TRANSCRIPTION OF UNSCRIPTED SPEECH:

And my hometown is Dalian, a beautiful city in Liaoning Province. If you have a chance to come to here, I believe that you will love the city so welcome to Dalian. And now I was – I was in Suzhou in Jiangsu Province. Suzhou is also a beautiful city but Su – Suzhou and Dalian are not the same style; they are different. If you want to find the different (ah), the best way is to come to here and find by yourself, so welcome to China.

TRANSCRIBED BY: Bill McCann

DATE OF TRANSCRIPTION (DD/MM/YYYY): 06/04/2011

PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION OF UNSCRIPTED SPEECH: N/A

TRANSCRIBED BY: N/A

DATE OF TRANSCRIPTION (DD/MM/YYYY): N/A

SCHOLARLY COMMENTARY:

Short readings from the analects of Confucius

The subject now goes on to read the following abstracts from the Analects of Confucius in her own Dalian dialect. See the commentary below for notes on this dialect. It should be compared with the Liaoning 1 and Hebei 1 samples to hear just how dramatically it differs from both the northeastern Mandarin spoken in most of Liaoning and from standard Mandarin.

KEY: A = Mandarin (Simplified); B = Mandarin (Pingyin); C = Dialect (Pingyin); D = English.

孔子: 论语 – Kǒng zǐ : lún yǔ – Kon zi:leng yu – Confucius: Lun Yu

學而第一 – xué ér dì yī – Xué ér dì yī – Chapter One

A: 1-1:- 子曰: 學而時習之、不亦說乎。

B: yī-yī :- zǐ yuē: xué ér shí xí zhī, bù yì yuè hū.

C: yī-yī :- zǐ yuē: xué ér shí xí zhī, bù yì yuè hū.

D: 1-1:- The Master said: Is it not pleasure to learn, and practice what is learned time and again?

A: 1-2:- 有朋自遠方來、不亦樂乎。

B: yī-èr:- yǒu péng zì yuǎn fāng lái, bù yì lè hū.

C: yī-èr:- yǒu péng zì yuǎn fāng lái, bù yì lè hū.

D: 1-2:- Is it not happiness to have friends coming from distant places?

A: 1-3:- 人不知而不慍、不亦君子乎。

B: yī-sān: rén bù zhī ér bù yùn, bù yì jūn zi hū.

C: yī-sān: rén bù zhī ér bù yùn, bù yì jūn zi hū.

D: 1-3:- Is it not virtue for a man to feel no discomposure when others take no note of him?

為政第二 – wéi zhèng dì èr – wéi zhèng dì ér – Chapter two

A: 2-2:- 子曰：「詩三百，一言以蔽之，曰：『思無邪』。

B: èr-èr:- zǐ yuē: shī sān bǎi, yī yán yǐ bì zhī , yuē: sī wú xié.

C: èr-èr:- zǐ yuē: shī sān bǎi, yī yán yǐ bì zhī , yuē: sī wú xié.

D: 2-2:- The Master said: In the Book of Odes there are three hundred poems, but they may be summarized in a single sentence: Think no evil.

A: 2-7:- 子游問孝。子曰：今之孝者，是謂能養。至於犬馬，皆能有養；不敬, 何 以別乎。

B: èr-qī:- zǐ yóu wèn xiào. zǐ yuē: jīn zhī xiào zhě, shì wèi néng yǎng. zhì wū quǎn mǎ, jiē néng yǒu yǎng; bù jìng, hé yǐ bié hū.

C: : èr-qī:- zǐ yóu wèn xiào. zǐ yuē: jīn zhī xiào zhě, shì wèi néng yǎng. zhì wū quǎn mǎ, jiē néng yǒu yǎng; bù jìng, hé yǐ bié hū.

D: 2-7:- Zi You asked what filial piety was. The Master said: Nowadays, providing support for one’s parents is considered filial piety. But dogs and horses can also do this. If there is no respect, what is the difference?

A: 2-10:- 子曰：「視其所以，觀其所由，察其所安。人焉叟哉？人焉叟哉？

B: èr-shí :- zǐ yuē: shì qí suǒ yǐ , guān qí suǒ yóu, chá qí suǒ ān. rén yān sǒu zāi? rén yān sǒu zāi?

C: èr-shí :- zǐ yuē: shì qí suǒ yǐ , guān qí suǒ yóu, chá qí suǒ ān. rén yān sǒu zāi? rén yān sǒu zāi?

D: 2-10:- The Master said: Watch what a man does. Find out his motives. See how he takes his ease. How then can the man hide his true self? How can the man hide his true self?

Commentary

See Liaoning 1 for details on the province’s history and culture.

The sample’s hometown is Dalian, a major city and seaport in the south of Liaoning Province. The second largest city in Liaoning, Dalian is the southernmost city of northeast China and China’s northernmost warm-water port. It has a significant history of being used by foreign powers as a port. Today it serves as a regional financial base and an important international shipping center and logistics hub in northeast Asia.

Linguistically, it has a number of interesting aspects. To begin with, Putonghua is usually spoken here because it is a city with people from various parts of China. Among the Dalianites themselves, however, the Dalian dialect is used. This belongs to the Jiao Liao Mandarin subgroup, a primary dialect of Mandarin Chinese spoken only on the Shandong Peninsula (aka Jiaodong), from Qingdao to Yantai, and the Liaodong Peninsulas, from Dalian to Dandong, in northeast China.

The majority of the original Dalianites were the poor farmers and fishermen who had come from Shandong Provincein a large population move called “Chuang Guandong.” Among the Dalian dialect’s features are a few loan words from Japanese and Russian, reflecting its history of foreign occupation. This occurs only very rarely in the Chinese languages.

There are very few of the usual Chinese characteristics in this sample’s English, which is clearly well enunciated. However, some do occasionally appear. For example, the /s/ – /sh/ and /z/ – /zh/ minimal-pair transposition are obvious in “Sarah” and “zoo.”

COMMENTARY BY: Bill McCann

DATE OF COMMENTARY (DD/MM/YYYY): 06/04/2011

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